Format ZonedDateTime in Java

By Harish Gowda | December 02, 2023 | 4 minutes

In this tutorial we will learn how to format ZonedDateTime in Java.

Formatting means converting ZonedDateTime object into string.

Formatting ZonedDateTime object using predefined DateTimeFormatter

Before formatting let us create a ZonedDateTime object with default timezone.

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import java.time.*;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;


public class ZonedDateTimeFormatandParse {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);

    }
}

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2023-12-02T20:41:31.980380300+05:30[Asia/Calcutta]

To format ZonedDateTime we need to call format method of instance object and pass DateTimeFormatter object.

We can use predefined DateTimeFormatter class for most of our use cases.

DateTimeFormatter will mention type of string representation of the ZonedDateTime we require.

Below table shows ISO format already available.

Formatter	Description	Example
BASIC_ISO_DATE	Basic ISO date	‘20111203’
ISO_LOCAL_DATE	ISO Local Date	‘2011-12-03’
ISO_OFFSET_DATE	ISO Date with offset	‘2011-12-03+01:00’
ISO_DATE	ISO Date with or without offset	‘2011-12-03+01:00’; ‘2011-12-03’
ISO_LOCAL_TIME	Time without offset	‘10:15:30’
ISO_OFFSET_TIME	Time with offset	‘10:15:30+01:00’
ISO_TIME	Time with or without offset	‘10:15:30+01:00’; ‘10:15:30’
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME	ISO Local Date and Time	‘2011-12-03T10:15:30’
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME	Date Time with Offset	‘2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00’
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME	Zoned Date Time	‘2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00[Europe/Paris]’
ISO_DATE_TIME	Date and time with ZoneId	‘2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00[Europe/Paris]’
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE	Year and day of year	‘2012-337’
ISO_WEEK_DATE	Year and Week	‘2012-W48-6’
ISO_INSTANT	Date and Time of an Instant	‘2011-12-03T10:15:30Z’
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME	RFC 1123 / RFC 822	‘Tue, 3 Jun 2008 11:05:30 GMT’

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import java.time.*;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;


public class ZonedDateTimeFormatandParse {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);

        String isoZonedDateTime = zonedDateTime.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME);
        System.out.println(isoZonedDateTime);

        String isolocalDateTime = zonedDateTime.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME);
        System.out.println(isolocalDateTime);

        String isolocalDate = zonedDateTime.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE);
        System.out.println(isolocalDate);

        String isoInstant = zonedDateTime.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_INSTANT);
        System.out.println(isoInstant);

        String isoWeekDate = zonedDateTime.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_WEEK_DATE);
        System.out.println(isoWeekDate);

    }
}

Output is:

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2023-12-03T13:06:19.265173500+05:30[Asia/Calcutta]
2023-12-03T13:06:19.2651735+05:30[Asia/Calcutta]
2023-12-03T13:06:19.2651735
2023-12-03
2023-12-03T07:36:19.265173500Z
2023-W48-7+05:30

Formatting ZonedDateTime object using custom DateTimeFormatter

You can format ZonedDateTime using your own patterns as shown below.

Here you need to create DateTimeFormatter using DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern() which takes symbols as shown in below figure.

Ex: Pattern ‘dd/MM/yyyy - HH:mm:ss.N z’ will give string output as ‘03/12/2023 - 14:07:22.50842992734600 IST’.

You can use different combinations based on your requirement from the below table.

This tables shows how to create your patterns based on symbols.

Symbol	Meaning	Presentation	Example
G	era	text	AD; Anno Domini; A
u	year	year	2004; 04
y	year-of-era	year	2004; 04
D	day-of-year	number	189
M/L	month-of-year	number/text	7; 07; Jul; July; J
d	day-of-month	number	10
g	modified-julian-day	number	2451334
Q/q	quarter-of-year	number/text	3; 03; Q3; 3rd quarter
Y	week-based-year	year	1996; 96
w	week-of-week-based-year	number	27
W	week-of-month	number	4
E	day-of-week	text	Tue; Tuesday; T
e/c	localized day-of-week	number/text	‘20111203’
F	day-of-week-in-month	number	3
a	am-pm-of-day	text	PM
B	period-of-day	text	in the morning
h	clock-hour-of-am-pm (1-12)	number	12
K	hour-of-am-pm (0-11)	number	0
k	clock-hour-of-day (1-24)	number	24
H	hour-of-day (0-23)	number	0
m	minute-of-hour	number	30
s	second-of-minute	number	55
S	fraction-of-second	fraction	978
A	milli-of-day	number	1234
n	nano-of-second	number	987654321
N	nano-of-day	number	1234000000
V	time-zone ID	zone-id	America/Los_Angeles; Z; -08:30
v	generic time-zone name	zone-name	Pacific Time; PT
z	time-zone name	zone-name	Pacific Standard Time; PST
O	localized zone-offset	offset-O	GMT+8; GMT+08:00; UTC-08:00
X	zone-offset ‘Z’ for zero	offset-X	Z; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15
x	zone-offset	offset-x	+0000; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15
Z	zone-offset	offset-Z	+0000; -0800; -08:00

Below code highlights how to create formatter from DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern() method by using various string patterns.

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import java.time.*;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;


public class ZonedDateTimeFormatandParse {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();
        System.out.println(zonedDateTime);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter1 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd/MM/yyyy - HH:mm:ss.N z");
        String formattedString1 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter1);
        System.out.println(formattedString1);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("MM/dd/yyyy - kk:mm:ss X");
        String formattedString2 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter2);
        System.out.println(formattedString2);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter3 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd/MM/yyyy - HH:mm:ss x");
        String formattedString3 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter3);
        System.out.println(formattedString3);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter4 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd/MM/yyyy - HH:mm:ss VV");
        String formattedString4 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter4);
        System.out.println(formattedString4);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter5 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd/MM/yyyy ww - HH:mm:ss v");
        String formattedString5 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter5);
        System.out.println(formattedString5);

        DateTimeFormatter formatter6 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd/MM/yyyy KKa - HH:mm:ss X");
        String formattedString6 = zonedDateTime.format(formatter6);
        System.out.println(formattedString6);


    }
}

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2023-12-03T14:07:22.992734600+05:30[Asia/Calcutta]
03/12/2023 - 14:07:22.50842992734600 IST
12/03/2023 - 14:07:22 +0530
03/12/2023 - 14:07:22 +0530
03/12/2023 - 14:07:22 Asia/Calcutta
03/12/2023 49 - 14:07:22 IT
03/12/2023 02pm - 14:07:22 +0530

Conclusion

Thus from this tutorial we have learnt how to format ZonedDateTime in Java.